Assistive Technology Guide for Seniors
Covered in this guide:
- How Assistive Technology Addresses Age-Related Health Challenges
- Overview of the Types of Assistive Technology
- How to Choose the Right Assistive Technology
- Financial Assistance Options for Assistive Technology
- How to Access Funding for Assistive Technology
- Assistive Technology Directory
Updated: June 18, 2023 | Reviewed by: Deidre Sommerer, LPN, MS, CMC, CDP
Technology is intended to make life easier, and that's exactly what assistive devices are designed to do. Whether you need help getting around, completing household chores or performing daily tasks, such as dressing or cooking, there are tools that can help you get the job done. Assistive technology (AT) refers to any item, whether it's store-bought or a homemade contraption, that helps a person complete specific activities. Adaptive technology refers to items created especially for individuals with disabilities. These devices can make your life easier as they are more convenient to use, and they can address potential health and safety concerns, such as remembering medications, that may prevent you from living in your own home or staying as independent as you'd like.
According to government findings, nine out of 10 disabled adults rely on some form of assistive technology, so reliable, affordable access is vital. Fortunately, numerous resources are available. You can use a wheelchair or mobility scooter to overcome physical limitations. Voice-activated technology can help you communicate with others and control appliances around the house. Some of these items can be picked up at the store, while others may require a doctor's prescription. Lending closets and statewide AT programs may be able to provide demonstrations and deliver items right to your door.
This guide introduces some of the assistive technologies available to seniors and their caregivers and explains how they can fit into your life.
How Assistive Technology Addresses Age-Related Health Challenges
Aging gracefully is a goal for many older adults, but it isn't as easy as it looks. As you get older, you may find that you can't do as much as you want to or you don't have as much energy as you'd like. Chronic health conditions, such as arthritis, COPD, diabetes and heart disease, can make it more difficult to enjoy life and maintain your independence. Fortunately, assistive technology comes in all shapes and forms. These systems can address a wide range of age-related health challenges.
- Vision loss can make it difficult to drive, read labels or enjoy pastimes, such as reading or crossword puzzles. Individuals who are blind or have limited vision may benefit from text readers, magnifiers and talking devices.
- Hearing loss affects one in three seniors. In addition to hearing aids, there are closed captioned telephones, wireless TV listening systems, vibrating alarm clocks and flashing doorbells that can help seniors communicate and be more aware of their surroundings.
- Arthritis, injuries and old age can cause joint pain and stiffness that limits your range of motion. You may benefit from easy-open containers, therapeutic chairs, lumbar supports and tools that can help you bathe or get dressed.
- Decreasing muscle mass, certain medications, chronic health conditions and even a fear of falls can lead to balance issues, disorientation and frailty. Numerous items are available to help with mobility and ambulation, including canes, walkers, rollators and scooters.
- Forgetfulness and confusion are prevalent among older adults. Dementia is a common cause, but dehydration can create similar symptoms. Numerous tools, ranging from sticky notes to automated medication dispensers, can address these issues.
Overview of the Types of Assistive Technology
Assistive technology is as diverse as the people who use these devices, and new products are being introduced all the time. There are nearly a dozen different categories of equipment for those who have hearing loss, limited vision or mobility concerns. Additional devices are available to help with computing, transportation, household chores, personal hygiene and daily tasks. Discover some of the many devices that can improve your quality of life.
Assistive Technology | How It Helps | Examples |
Vision | Devices that allow blind and visually impaired adults to complete daily activities and interact with printed materials. |
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Hearing | Audio aids allow adults who are deaf or hard of hearing to communicate with others, watch TV or listen to music and perform daily activities. |
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Communication | These devices help adults who have speech impediments or disabilities. |
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Self-Care | Adults who need help completing activities of daily living, such as bathing, dressing or eating, may benefit from these devices. |
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Mobility and Positioning | Numerous aids are available to help with mobility, ambulation, sitting, transfers and posturing. |
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Computing | These devices are helpful for anyone who has limited vision or difficulty using technological devices. |
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Practical and Recreational | Vocational and recreational aids can help older adults enjoy their hobbies, overcome memory issues and perform daily activities. |
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Home and Vehicle | Home and vehicle modifications increase personal safety and can help seniors and disabled adults maintain their independence. |
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How to Choose the Right Assistive Technology
With such a wide array of store-bought and customized equipment available, you may not know where to start. Everyone is different, so the key is to focus on your individual needs.
- Start by assessing your personal needs to determine which areas require extra support, such as mobility, memory, transportation or daily activities. We all want to be independent, but that's not always possible. The first step is to acknowledge that extra help can make your life easier.
- Evaluate your home environment to determine which aids may increase your comfort, safety and independence. Take note of any challenging spaces, such as entryways and bathrooms. Consider ways to make these spaces work for you.
- Explore possible solutions that might fit your needs. Assistive technology is available online, at big-box stores and through medical supply companies. If you aren't sure where to start, contact your state's Assistive Technology & Accessibility Center to schedule a consultation and device demo.
- Try out possible devices to see what works for you. Make sure you have the proper training to use the device to its full potential. Physical and occupational therapists and technology consultants may be able to provide practical tips, as well as skills training.
- After using your devices for some time, make sure to reassess your needs. Alternative devices may be available, or your setup may need slight modifications. Aging is a constant, variable process, so your functional needs may change over time. Be ready to go with the flow.
Financial Assistance Options for Assistive Technology
If you're aged 65 or older, assistive technology may be covered by Medicare. Medicaid is available to adults with limited income and assets and/or intensive medical needs. Other programs and insurance plans may provide assistive technology to individuals of all ages. Learn more about these options.
Program | Details |
Medicare covers 80% of the cost of durable medical equipment. Orthotics, wheelchairs, communication devices and other assistive technologies are covered by Part B. The device must be medically necessary, and the supplier must be registered with Medicare. | |
Durable medical equipment is covered by Medicaid when medically necessary. Certain Medicaid demonstration waivers cover additional devices that are designed to help seniors remain in their own homes. | |
Private insurance plans, such as those offered on the Health Insurance Marketplace, cover durable medical equipment and assistive technology when it's medically necessary and recommended by a physician. | |
Statewide ATACs are an excellent resource for seniors who want to learn more about available devices. They offer information, referrals and equipment demos, and they may be able to lend you devices for a nominal fee. |
Assistive Technology From Nonprofit Disability Associations
Numerous nonprofit groups can help you find and pay for assistive technology. The following nationwide organizations offer equipment lending libraries. Many more organizations are active at the state level, and some local charities may be able to sponsor individual fundraising projects to meet your needs.
Program | Details |
Regional Easterseals chapters provide a wide range of equipment and devices, including software and computer aids, through no-cost lending closets. | |
The MDA Care Center provides direct assistance to help clients access assistive or adaptive technology and find additional resources in their community. | |
Thanks to the Elsie S. Bellows fund, UPC provides assistive technology to disabled individuals. Funds are administered by local chapters. | |
The Assistive Technology Act Training and Technical Assistance Center (AT3) is a federally funded project that supports state-operated assistive technology programs. | |
Sponsored by Georgia Tech, the Pass It On Center is a national program that promotes the reuse of durable medical equipment and AT. It provides a directory of local partners that accept and lend donated equipment. | |
The Assistive Technology Industry Association provides training to AT professionals, and it offers information about member organizations that manufacture and distribute assistive technology. |
How to Access Funding for Assistive Technology
If the medical devices or home modifications you need aren't covered by insurance, you may be able to secure funding through government agencies and community-based organizations. Each program has its own eligibility requirements, but in most cases, you must demonstrate a medical and financial need.
- Learn more about the agency's application process, and download any application forms. Make a checklist of all items or documents you may need.
- Most agencies require an in-home assessment and functional needs evaluation to determine your level of function.
- You may be asked to provide medical records and a physician's prescription for durable medical equipment. Your health care provider may be required to sign off on the application.
- Make sure your proposal includes an accurate description of your functional needs, along with a detailed overview of how these items will address them.
- Include a catalog description, photo and explanation of the expected cost of the device you're seeking.
- You may be responsible for paying part of the cost. If needed, you can apply for a low-cost assistive technology loan, a home equity loan or grants offered by local charities to help with the cost.
- If your request is denied, don't give up. You may be able to file an appeal or submit additional documentation.
Assistive Technology Directory
If you have a specific issue that you need help with, such as reading, driving or remembering medications, there are assistive devices designed just for you. Learn more about some of the main types of assistive technology, as well as specific examples, from each category.
Vision
Vision is one of the most important senses. It's vital for understanding what's going on around you as well as reading, learning, driving and performing many daily activities. If your vision has decreased or if you're legally blind, one of the following devices may be helpful.
Device | Estimated Price | Possible Uses |
Magnifiers and Screen Readers | $10-$1,200 | Screen magnifiers can enlarge small text and icons if you have a hard time reading fine print. Screen readers use a text-to-speech engine to convert text into audio. |
Braille Readers | $800-$2,500 | These assistive devices convert regular text into Braille using a screen that refreshes. |
Text-to-Speech Devices | $20-$2,000 | There are numerous other text-to-speech devices and software programs available, as well as talking devices, such as thermometers. |
Large-Print Materials | $0-$40 | Many libraries and publishers offer large-print books, and certain informational resources must be available in large-print under the Americans With Disabilities Act. |
Large-Button Devices | $25-$40 | Large-button phones and computer keyboards may be helpful if you have a hard time using conventional devices. |
Hearing
Hearing loss can make it difficult to carry on a conversation, enjoy music or watch your favorite TV shows. Visual aids, vibrating alarms and various audio amplification systems may be helpful, depending on your needs.
Device | Estimated Price | Possible Uses |
Personal Amplifiers | $150 | These devices typically feature an amplifier pack connected to headphones. Some wireless listening devices can get a signal directly from your TV to help you listen at a comfortable volume. |
Hearing Aids | $1,000-$6,000 per pair | Hearing aids contain a miniature microphone, amplifier and speaker that's used to broadcast sounds directly into your ear canal. There are several styles available, depending on your needs and preferences. |
Cochlear Implants | $30,000-$50,000 | Cochlear implants are designed for individuals who have certain types of severe deafness or ear damage. They work by stimulating the cochlear nerve that runs from the inner ear to the brain. |
Captioned or Amplified Phones | $75 | Captioned telephones have largely replaced earlier teletypewriter (TTY) systems. These devices provide a written translation of your phone conversation. There are also amplified phones that can broadcast the audio at a more suitable volume. |
Specialized Alarms or Doorbells | $20-$60 plus installation | If you have a hard time hearing certain sounds, you may benefit from vibrating alarms or doorbells that flash when activated. These signals can alert you to important things going on around you. |
Communication
Without communication, it's very difficult to express yourself, as well as your opinions and personal needs. Individuals who have difficulty speaking due to dysarthria, a stroke, intubation or an illness, such as cancer, may benefit from one of the following aids.
Device | Estimated Price | Possible Uses |
Voice Amplifiers | $30-$150 | Similar to a microphone, voice amplifiers can increase the volume of your voice by up to 20 decibels without causing feedback. They're often used by tour guides and teachers. |
Speech-Generating Systems | $100-$15,000 | If you often rely on gestures, facial expressions and other augmentative and alternative forms of communication, you may benefit from a tablet and other speech-generating devices that can turn text into speech. |
Artificial Larynxes (voice box) | $1,000 | The electrolarynx is a small microphone-shaped device that's held up to the throat and used to convert vibrations into speech. It's often used by people who've had laryngeal cancer. |
Communication Boards | $6-$1,500 | Communication boards help you express personal needs by pointing to pictorial icons. You can also write messages, point to letters or use symbol-generating software. |
Self-Care
Self-care is essential for maintaining your dignity, health and independence. Fortunately, numerous devices are available to help with routine tasks, such as bathing, dressing and cleaning.
Device | Estimated Price | Possible Uses |
Dressing Aids | $10-$25 | If you have a hard time getting dressed or bending over to put on your socks and shoes, you may benefit from zipper pulls, button hooks, sock aids and reachers. Velcro can also be added to your clothes. |
Modified Utensils | $15-$35 | Large-handled cooking and dining utensils and even ergonomic toothbrushes can make it easier and more comfortable for you to perform routine tasks. |
Robotic Vacuums | $250-$700 | Robotic vacuum cleaners make it easy for you to keep your home neat and tidy without lifting a finger or lugging heavy equipment around the house. |
Medication Reminders Systems | $30+ | Customers today can choose from a wide range of medication reminder systems, including smart pill containers or organizers and automatic dispensers. |
Modified Appliances | $15-$1,500 | Electric can openers, automatic soap dispensers and specialty appliances can help you perform specific tasks around the house while avoiding difficult or painful movements. |
Mobility
Approximately 40% of seniors aged 65 and older have mobility issues or other functional limitations. Mobility aids can help those who have a permanent disability, as well as those who are recovering from a temporary illness or injury.
Device | Estimated Price | Possible Uses |
Walkers and Rollators | $50-$250 | Walkers and rollators are ideal for adults who need extra support while they're walking. Some may include a seat in case you need to rest. |
Wheelchairs | $500-$1,000 | More than 2.7 million Americans use wheelchairs on a regular basis. Manual and electric wheelchairs are available, depending on your physical needs and budget. |
Mobility Scooters | $1,000-$4,000 | Mobility scooters can give you more freedom and independence, with a top speed of approximately 8 miles per hour and a range of over 20 miles. |
Canes and Crutches | $20-$80 | Canes and crutches can provide extra stability or minimize the amount of weight that you must place on an injured limb or joint. |
Braces and Orthotics | $200-$800 | Store-bought and custom-made orthotics can help with a variety of activities, such as mobility, transfers and opening and closing items or performing specific motions. |
Cushions and Bolsters | $40-$80 | Cushions, pillows and wedges can help with positioning and posture, and they can reduce the risk of pressure ulcers. |
Therapeutic Chairs | $50-$2,000 | Specialty chairs, such as shower stools, can help with personal comfort and make it easier to sit, stand and perform daily activities, such as bathing. |
Computing
Computers can make life easier, but they can be difficult to use if you have limited vision, dexterity issues or aren't familiar with the technology. Thanks to specialized magnification software and various add-ons, you can take advantage of all types of technology on your computer, tablet or smartphone.
Device | Estimated Price | Possible Uses |
Voice-Recognition Software | $100-$500 | Voice-recognition software can be used to create emails and other documents or perform various computing tasks, such as pulling up directions or calling a family member. |
Modified Keyboards or Input Devices | $150-$1,000 | Individuals who struggle to use a regular keyboard and mouse can take advantage of various alternatives, including large-key options, joysticks and systems that track head movement. |
Screen Magnification Systems | $10-$2,700 | If you need help seeing on-screen icons and text, a screen magnifier can help. There are magnification sheets that go over the computer or tablet screen, and accessibility features are built into most devices. |
Practical and Recreational
Hobbies make life more enjoyable. If you struggle to do some of the things you used to enjoy, assistive technology can help.
Device | Estimated Price | Possible Uses |
Memory Aids | $1-$400 | Memory aids range from simple to sophisticated. Sticky notes, calendars and to-do lists are helpful. There are also digital alarms and tools that can provide reminders or dispense medications. |
Audiobooks | $0-$15 | Audiobooks make it easier for visually impaired seniors to enjoy new titles from their favorite authors. |
Automatic Card Shufflers | $15-$20 | Automatic card shufflers are very affordable, and they can help seniors enjoy familiar card games, such as solitary, cribbage, canasta and bridge. |
Specialized Mobile Apps | $0-$250 | Seniors can take advantage of a wide range of mobile apps and software for health management, entertainment and other activities. |
Adaptive Gaming Controls | $100 | Adaptive gaming controls can make it easier for seniors to enjoy fun and games with friends and family. |
Home and Vehicle
Home and vehicle modifications are probably the most costly forms of AT, but they can be the most beneficial. Here are some of the most common systems and how they can help.
Device | Estimated Price | Possible Uses |
Grab Bars | $20-$130 plus installation | Grab bars and handrails provide extra stability in the shower, near the toilet, by the stairs or wherever you need extra support. |
Nonskid Surfaces | $10 per square foot | Nonskid surfaces can reduce the risk of falls, particularly in high-moisture areas. Traction strips and flooring replacements are two possible options. |
Handicap Toilets | $200-$400 plus installation | Handicap toilets are typically 17 to 19 inches tall, which can make it easier to get up and down, even if you have stiff knees or mobility concerns. |
Ramps | $800+ | Prefabricated and custom-built ramps can be helpful for anyone with mobility concerns. Nonprofits, such as Habitat for Humanity, can help you build one. |
Lifts | $4,000+ | Hydraulic lifts are ideal for anyone who uses a wheelchair or struggles with steps and stairs. |
Vehicle Modifications | $20,000-$80,000 | There are a variety of possible vehicle modifications that can help you get around, including automatic seatbelts, scooter lifts and hand controls for equipment. |
Voice-Activated Technology | $500+ | Voice-activated technology is everywhere these days. Home automation devices make it easy to adjust the lights, change the temperature and lock or unlock doors. |
If you want to take advantage of assistive technology, you need to know what devices are available. Work with your caregiver or loved ones to assess your needs and select possible solutions. Remember that it may take time to get used to these devices and find the best way for you to use them. With diligence and the right approach, assistive technology can improve your quality of life and help you accomplish the things you want to do.
Expert Reviewer
Deidre Sommerer
Deidre has worked in the healthcare field for over 35 years and specializes in Geriatrics. Deidre is a nurse who holds a certification from the National Academy of Certified Care Managers and is a Certified Dementia Practitioner. She has worked across all healthcare settings, with a concentration on the community and helping older and disabled adults age in place. She has worked on NIH grant-funded program evaluation projects and considers herself a life-long learner. Deidre is a valued team member at The Hartford HealthCare Center for Healthy Aging in Hartford, CT.
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